A Modified Architecture for Radix-4 Booth Multiplier with Adaptive Hold Logic

High speed digital multipliers are most efficiently used in many applications such as Fourier transform, discrete cosine transforms, and digital filtering. The throughput of the multipliers is based on speed of the multiplier, and then the entire performance of the circuit depends on it. The pMOS transistor in negative bias cause negative bias temperature instability (NBTI), which increases the threshold voltage of the transistor and reduces the multiplier speed. Similarly, the nMOS transistor in positive bias cause positive bias temperature instability (PBTI).These effects reduce the transistor speed and the system may fail due to timing violations. So here a new multiplier was designed with novel adaptive hold logic (AHL) using Radix-4 Modified Booth Multiplier. By using Radix-4 Modified Booth Encoding (MBE), we can reduce the number of partial products by half. Modified booth multiplier helps to provide higher throughput with low power consumption. This can adjust the AHL circuit to reduce the performance degradation. The expected result will be reduce threshold voltage, increase throughput and speed and also reduce power. This modified multiplier design is coded by Verilog and simulated using Xilinx ISE 12.1 and implemented in Spartan 3E FPGA kit

The study of eclampsia as a cause of severe acute maternal morbidity

Background: “SAMM” refers to the morbidity a woman actually suffers1. The identification of Eclampsia as a cause of severe maternal morbidity has emerged as a promising complement or alternative to the investigation of maternal deaths. The most common tool used to identify SAMM is by WHO criteria. Incorporation of near-misses into maternal death enquiries would improve the quality of care and its standardization.Methods: A descriptive study of SAMM in the department of OBG in KIMS hospital done between Jan 2013 to June 2014. The total number of deliveries during this period were 2786. There were 43 cases of Eclampsia as a cause of SAMM. Among this, 1 case was admitted in ICU due to peripartum cardiomyopathy, MODS, HELLP syndrome. Data were collected as per Performa (facility based Maternal Near Miss Review Form [MNM-R FORM] and statistical analysis was performed.Results: The cases of near miss have 2 or more factors responsible for it. In this study,23% of SAMM are due to lack of resources and Lack of transport from home to health care facility. 20% due to lack of human resources.11% due to lack of awareness. Other responsible for minor contributory factors.Conclusions: SAMM can be decreased by identifying factors responsible for it and steps taken to resolve them. Step by step improvement to be done as all the factors are modifiable

INFLUENCE OF SITTING ORIENTATION ON UPPER EXTREMITY FUNCTION IN NORMAL CHILDREN BETWEEN 5 TO 16 YEARS USING NINE HOLE PEG TEST

Background: This study was to measure the upper extremity performance time on Nine Hole Peg Test in two different sitting orientations relative to vertical plane. Aim: To find out the influence of sitting orientation on upper extremity motor function using NHPT. Methods: 100 children with the mean age 11year (53 male, 47 female) participated in the study. Children were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Age groups were re-established for data representation purposes as: 5-7, 8-10, 11-13, 14-16. Each one was briefly interviewed prior to the test, procedure explained and statistical analysis was done for the final results. Results: Gender wise relation revealed non-significant difference in performance time on NHPT in 90o upright and 15o anterior sitting orientation. Performance time on NHPT with dominant and non-dominant hand in 90o upright & 15o anterior sitting orientation shows significant difference. The mean performance time with dominant hand on NHPT was slightly lesser in 15o anterior sitting orientation than 90o upright orientations. According to age wise distribution the performance time on NHPT reveals that as the age increases the performance time decreases from 5-11 year. The performance time becomes constant from 11-16 years of age. Conclusion: Result of this study suggest that trunk orientation does not affect upper extremity performance on NHPT. As it implies that 15o anterior trunk orientation is equivalent to upright sitting orientation. Hence both the trunk orientation can be used to train patients for upper extremity hand function

INFLUENCE OF SITTING ORIENTATION ON UPPER EXTREMITY FUNCTION IN NORMAL CHILDREN BETWEEN 5 TO 16 YEARS USING NINE HOLE PEG TEST

Background: This study was to measure the upper extremity performance time on Nine Hole Peg Test in two different sitting orientations relative to vertical plane. Aim: To find out the influence of sitting orientation on upper extremity motor function using NHPT. Methods: 100 children with the mean age 11year (53 male, 47 female) participated in the study. Children were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Age groups were re-established for data representation purposes as: 5-7, 8-10, 11-13, 14-16. Each one was briefly interviewed prior to the test, procedure explained and statistical analysis was done for the final results. Results: Gender wise relation revealed non-significant difference in performance time on NHPT in 90o upright and 15o anterior sitting orientation. Performance time on NHPT with dominant and non-dominant hand in 90o upright & 15o anterior sitting orientation shows significant difference. The mean performance time with dominant hand on NHPT was slightly lesser in 15o anterior sitting orientation than 90o upright orientations. According to age wise distribution the performance time on NHPT reveals that as the age increases the performance time decreases from 5-11 year. The performance time becomes constant from 11-16 years of age. Conclusion: Result of this study suggest that trunk orientation does not affect upper extremity performance on NHPT. As it implies that 15o anterior trunk orientation is equivalent to upright sitting orientation. Hence both the trunk orientation can be used to train patients for upper extremity hand function

Sexual dysfunction in women with psychosis

INTRODUCTION: Human sexual function is complex and affected by many different factors. In patients with mental and emotional disorders such as schizophrenia, biological and psychosocial factors associated with sexual functioning are further complicated by illness and medication effects. Antipsychotic medication, the main modality of treatment in schizophrenia, is known to produce sexual side effects in addition to others such as weight gain and the metabolic syndrome. Because of the sensitive nature of the problem, many patients may not report this side effect to the therapist, though distressing to them, unless specifically asked for it. These sexual side-effects may subsequently lead to nonadherence, distress in patient and /or partner and marital dysharmony. Therefore effective management of this problem is essential. While prevention is most desirable, early identification and effective management of these sexual side effects could improve compliance and quality of life. OBJECTIVES: To study the nature, prevalence and risk factors for sexual dysfunction in neuroleptic-naïve women with psychosis, and to evaluate the incidence of antipsychotic induced sexual dysfunction in these individuals. METHODS: Consecutive antipsychotic drug naïve women with schizophrenia or acute psychosis who met eligibility criteria were rated on the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale for symptom severity and the Female Sexual Function Index for sexual functioning. Weight, blood sugar and prolactin levels were measured. Socio-demographic details were recorded. After six weeks and six months of treatment with antipsychotic medication, the assessments were repeated. Using SPSS for Windows (version 16.0.1), mean and standard deviation were calculated for continuous variables and frequency distributions for categorical data. Pearson’s correlation and chi square were calculated to assess relationships between continuous and categorical variables respectively. RESULTS: Among the 104 subjects recruited, prevalence rates of sexual dysfunction were 67.3, 82.8 and 72.22% at baseline, six weeks and six months respectively. Incidence of sexual dysfunction at six weeks was 60%. The most common type of dysfunction was hypoactive sexual desire and orgasmic disorder. Factors associated with sexual dysfunction at different points of time included age, education, age of onset and duration of illness, negative and general psychopathology scores and type of antipsychotic used. Weight, prolactin level and dose of antipsychotic medication were not significantly associated with sexual dysfunction

STRUCTURING REVERSIBLE CIRCUIT TO OVERCOME LOW-POWER DISSIPATION

This paper presents a design methodology for that realization of Booth’s multiplier in reversible mode. Booth’s multiplier is recognized as among the fastest multipliers in literature so we have proven a competent design methodology in reversible paradigm. Reversible logic attains the attraction of researchers within the last decade mainly because of low-power dissipation. Designers’ endeavors therefore are ongoing in creating complete reversible circuits composed of reversible gates. All of the theorems provide lower bounds for quantity of gates, garbage outputs, circuit delay and quantum cost. The important thing achievement from the design is, it is capable of doing dealing with both signed and unsigned figures, which isn't contained in the present circuits considered within this paper. We assess the 4×4 form of the suggested Booth’s multiplier using the two existing designs. Theoretical underpinnings, established for that suggested design, reveal that the suggested circuit is extremely efficient from reversible circuit design perspective. The suggested architecture is capable of doing performing both signed and unsigned multiplication of two operands without getting any feedbacks, whereas existing multipliers in reversible mode consider loop that is strictly disallowed reversible logic design

GSM & GPS Integrated With ARM Based Event Data Recorder for Accident Detection

Main concentration of this project is to find out the vehicle which is met with an accident by using MEMS sensor and GPS, GSM.Vehicle tracking system is one of the hot topics in embedded systems industry. In this project ARM controller communicates with LCD, GPS module and GSM modem. This system will be placed in a moving vehicle. The ARM controller will poll GPS module in prefixed intervals and sends the vehicle location information (Latitude & Longitude) to central station over GSM network. Whenever any accident occurs MEMS sensor detects the vibration of the vehicle and sends mechanical force, to ARM, by using GPS, we will get particular location where accident occurs, and then GSM sends message to authorized members & 108.One more best feature is whenever any authorized people gives message to GSM at accident location then it sends back the message of the accident location longitude and latitude values

A fermented nutraceutical beverage from quinoa: The traditional grain of Andes

Quinoa is a traditional grain used as a staple food by ancient people of Andean countries and South America, known for its excellent nutritional profile. This pseudo-cereal is rich in protein, vitamins, minerals and antioxidants.   However, presence of anti-nutritional factors such as, saponins, tannins, phenols and phytic acid is a serious deterrent to use quinoa in daily diet. This study focus on lactic acid fermentation to answer this riddle. Lactic acid bacteria were isolated from surface of quinoa seeds and characterized. All the isolates (QB-1, QB-2, QB-3, QB-4 and QB-5) were Gram positive, Catalase negative, acid producing and non-endospore forming. Two among the native isolates, QB-1 and QB-2 were selected based on their ability for beverage development. Isolate QB-1 reduced the phenolic compounds (from 0.94 to 0.36 mg/g of GAE) significantly. Isolate QB-2 was found to be more efficient in reduction of phytic acid (from 11.06 to 1.00 mg/g) and tannins (from 4.92 to 2.05mg/g of GAE).  A significant reduction of saponin (from 11.2 to 0.13 mg/g) was recorded by isolate QB-1 and Lactobacillus delbrueckii. The study also revealed that, curd is efficient in reducing anti-nutritional factors such as, phenolic compounds and phytic acid

A fermented nutraceutical beverage from quinoa: The traditional grain of Andes

1040-1047Quinoa is a traditional grain used as staple food by ancient people of Andean countries and South America, known for its excellent nutritional profile. This pseudo-cereal is rich in protein, vitamins, minerals and antioxidants. However, presence of anti-nutritional factors such as, saponins, tannins, phenols and phytic acid is a serious deterrent to use quinoa in daily diet. This study focuses on lactic acid fermentation to answer this riddle. Lactic acid bacteria were isolated from the surface of quinoa seeds and characterized. All the isolates (QB-1, QB-2, QB-3, QB-4 and QB-5) were Gram positive, Catalase negative, acid producing and non-endospore forming. Two among the native isolates, QB-1 and QB-2 were selected based on their ability for beverage development. Isolate QB-1 reduced the phenolic compounds (from 0.94 to 0.36 mg/g of GAE) significantly. Isolate QB-2 was found to be more efficient in reduction of phytic acid (from 11.06 to 1.00 mg/g) and tannins (from 4.92 to 2.05 mg/g of GAE). A significant reduction of saponin (from 11.2 to 0.13 mg/g) was recorded by isolate QB-1 and Lactobacillus delbrueckii. The study also revealed that, fermentation with curd is also efficient in reducing antinutritional factors such as, phenolic compounds and phytic acid

Ovarian Fibrothecoma with Acute Torsion and Extensive Cystic Degeneration after Long Quiescence in a Young Patient

Ovarian Fibrothecomas are rare tumors of the ovary classified under sex cord stromal tumors. They are benign solid ovarian tumors that commonly occur in older women. They usually present with menstrual complaints although rarely asymptomatic tumors also occur. Some of them are known to undergo torsion and cystic degeneration when they are very big in size. We report a rare case of a young woman with a medium sized ovarian fibrothecoma which had all the above mentioned in combination interestingly and presented acutely after years of quiescence